!interrupt (hook external device interrupts)
Description of the '!interrupt' command in HyperDbg.
Last updated
Description of the '!interrupt' command in HyperDbg.
Last updated
!interrupt
!interrupt [IdtIndex (hex)] [pid ProcessId (hex)] [core CoreId (hex)] [imm IsImmediate (yesno)] [sc EnableShortCircuiting (onoff)] [stage CallingStage (prepostall)] [buffer PreAllocatedBuffer (hex)] [script { Script (string) }] [asm condition { Condition (assembly/hex) }] [asm code { Code (assembly/hex) }] [output {OutputName (string)}]
Triggers when the debugging machine encounters an external-interrupt. This command applies to only 32 to 255 entries of IDT (Interrupt Descriptor Table). If you need to hook entries between 0 to 31 of IDT, then you should use instead.
When you enable this event, all entries from 32 to 255 will cause vm-exits, so this command will trigger on all external-interrupts; thus, making your computer substantially slower. This is not true about the command as it will only trigger on that specific entry.
[IdtIndex (hex)]
Trigger in the case of receiving an external-interrupt. The value should be between 0x20 to 0xff.
[pid ProcessId (hex)] (optional)
Optional value to trigger the event in just a specific process. Add pid xx to your command; thus, the command will be executed if the process id is equal to xx. If you don't specify this option, then by default, you receive events on all processes.
Still, in the case of user-mode debugging, HyperDbg will apply it only to the current active debugging process (not all the processes). In that case, you can specify pid all to intercept events from the entire system.
[core CoreId (hex)] (optional)
Optional value to trigger the event in just a specific core. Add core xx to your command thus command will be executed if core id is equal to xx. If you don't specify this option, then by default, you receive events on all cores.
[imm IsImmediate (yesno)] (optional)
Optional value in which yes means the results (printed texts in scripts) should be delivered immediately to the debugger. no means that the results can be accumulated and delivered as a couple of messages when the buffer is full; thus, it's substantially faster, but it's not real-time. By default, this value is set to yes.
[sc EnableShortCircuiting (onoff)] (optional)
[stage CallingStage (prepostall)] (optional)
[buffer PreAllocatedBuffer (hex)] (optional)
[script { Script (string) }] (optional)
[asm condition { Condition (assembly/hex) }] (optional)
[asm code { Code (assembly/hex) }] (optional)
[output {OutputName (string)}] (optional)
As the Context ($context pseudo-register in the event's script, r8 in custom code, and rdx in condition code register) to the event trigger, HyperDbg sends vector or IDT index of the external-interrupt.
This event supports three debugging mechanisms.
Break
Script
Custom Code
Imagine we want to break on entry 0x25 of IDT.
If we want to break on external-interrupt (entry 0x25) from process id 0x490.
The above command when messages don't need to be delivered immediately.
Script (From File)
If you saved your script into a file then you can add file: instead of a script and append the file path to it. For example, the following examples show how you can run a script from file:c:\users\sina\desktop\script.txt.
Run Custom Code (Unconditional)
Or if you want to use assembly codes directly, you can add an asm before the code.
Run Custom Code (Conditional)
Or if you want to use assembly codes directly, you can add an asm before the condition and also before the code.
Keep in mind that a conditional event can be used in Breaking to Debugger and Running Script too.
As EventType use EXTERNAL_INTERRUPT_OCCURRED and send the special entry between 0x20 to 0xff (if any) if you want to monitor just a special external-interrupt in OptionalParam1 in DEBUGGER_GENERAL_EVENT_DETAIL.
Please look at Remarks for more information.
It is generally possible to monitor all external interrupts but HyperDbg disables this feature to avoid making the system unresponsive. For example, thousands of clock-interrupts will be received, and if HyperDbg wants to handle all of them, it makes your system unresponsive.
None
Optional value to ignore the emulation (skip execution) of the event. Add sc on to your command thus whenever the event is triggered, the effects and the execution of the actual event will be ignored. For more information, please read article. If you don't specify this option, then by default, all the events will be emulated (executed). By default, this value is set to off.
Optional value to configure the of the event. To trigger the event before the emulation, include stage pre in your command. Conversely, using stage post will cause the event to be triggered after the emulation. Additionally, using stage all will trigger the event both before and after the emulation. For more information, please read article. By default, this value is set to pre.
Optional value which reserves a safe to be accessed within the event codes.
A HyperDbg will be executed each time the event is triggered.
Optional assembly codes which check for in assembly.
Optional will be executed each time the event is triggered.
Optional output resource name for .
This event supports '', which means that you can configure HyperDbg to ignore its execution and its effects. For additional details, please refer to the article provided .
This event supports different . The 'pre' calling stage is triggered prior to injecting the interrupt, whereas the 'post' calling stage is triggered subsequent to injecting the interrupt; thus, you can read/modify the memory or registers or the event in the 'pre' stage, and view/modify the results in the 'post' stage. In addition, the 'all' calling stage will trigger the event in both cases. For more information, please refer to the article provided .
Please read "" if you need a conditional event, a conditional event can be used in all "Break", "Script", and "Custom Code".
Using the following command, you can use HyperDbg's Script Engine. You should replace the string between braces (HyperDbg Script Here) with your script. You can find script examples .
You can use to forward the event monitoring results from this event and other events to an external source, e.g., File, NamedPipe, or TCP Socket. This way, you can use HyperDbg as a monitoring tool and gather your target system's behavior and use it later or analyze it on other systems.
Please read "" to get an idea about how to run the custom buffer code in HyperDbg.
Your custom code will be executed in vmx-root mode. Take a look at for more information. Running code in vmx-root is considered "".
Monitoring the occurrence of external-interrupts and run 3 nops whenever the event is triggered. Take a look at for more information.
Monitoring the external-interrupts occurrence and run 3 nops whenever the event condition is triggered and run 3 nops whenever the event is triggered. Take a look at and for more information.
This command uses the same method to .
Take a look at "" to see how it works.
This command creates an . Starting from HyperDbg v0.7, events are guaranteed to keep the debuggee in a halt state (in the ); thus, nothing will change during its execution and the context (registers and memory) remain untouched. You can visit for more information.