HyperDbg Documentation
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        • basics
        • events
          • Getting Results of a System-call
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        • beginning
          • Connecting To HyperDbg
          • Configuring Symbol Server/Path
        • basics
          • Setting Breakpoints & Stepping Instructions
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        • events
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        • Scripting Language Examples
    • Software Development Kit (SDK)
      • Events
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  • Commands
    • Debugging Commands
      • ? (evaluate and execute expressions and scripts in debuggee)
      • ~ (display and change the current operating core)
      • a (assemble virtual address)
      • load (load the kernel modules)
      • unload (unload the kernel modules)
      • status (show the debuggee status)
      • events (show and modify active/disabled events)
      • p (step-over)
      • t (step-in)
      • i (instrumentation step-in)
      • gu (step-out or go up)
      • r (read or modify registers)
      • bp (set breakpoint)
      • bl (list breakpoints)
      • be (enable breakpoints)
      • bd (disable breakpoints)
      • bc (clear and remove breakpoints)
      • g (continue debuggee or processing kernel packets)
      • x (examine symbols and find functions and variables address)
      • db, dc, dd, dq (read virtual memory)
      • eb, ed, eq (edit virtual memory)
      • sb, sd, sq (search virtual memory)
      • u, u64, u2, u32 (disassemble virtual address)
      • k, kd, kq (display stack backtrace)
      • dt (display and map virtual memory to structures)
      • struct (make structures, enums, data types from symbols)
      • sleep (wait for specific time in the .script command)
      • pause (break to the debugger and pause processing kernel packets)
      • print (evaluate and print expression in debuggee)
      • lm (view loaded modules)
      • cpu (check cpu supported technologies)
      • rdmsr (read model-specific register)
      • wrmsr (write model-specific register)
      • flush (remove pending kernel buffers and messages)
      • prealloc (reserve pre-allocated pools)
      • preactivate (pre-activate special functionalities)
      • output (create output source for event forwarding)
      • test (test functionalities)
      • settings (configures different options and preferences)
      • exit (exit from the debugger)
    • Meta Commands
      • .help (show the help of commands)
      • .debug (prepare and connect to debugger)
      • .connect (connect to a session)
      • .disconnect (disconnect from a session)
      • .listen (listen on a port and wait for the debugger to connect)
      • .status (show the debugger status)
      • .start (start a new process)
      • .restart (restart the process)
      • .attach (attach to a process)
      • .detach (detach from the process)
      • .switch (show the list and switch between active debugging processes)
      • .kill (terminate the process)
      • .process, .process2 (show the current process and switch to another process)
      • .thread, .thread2 (show the current thread and switch to another thread)
      • .pagein (bring the page into the RAM)
      • .dump (save the virtual memory into a file)
      • .formats (show number formats)
      • .script (run batch script commands)
      • .sympath (set the symbol server)
      • .sym (load pdb symbols)
      • .pe (parse PE file)
      • .logopen (open log file)
      • .logclose (close log file)
      • .cls (clear the screen)
    • Extension Commands
      • !a (assemble physical address)
      • !pte (display page-level address and entries)
      • !db, !dc, !dd, !dq (read physical memory)
      • !eb, !ed, !eq (edit physical memory)
      • !sb, !sd, !sq (search physical memory)
      • !u, !u64, !u2, !u32 (disassemble physical address)
      • !dt (display and map physical memory to structures)
      • !track (track and map function calls and returns to the symbols)
      • !epthook (hidden hook with EPT - stealth breakpoints)
      • !epthook2 (hidden hook with EPT - detours)
      • !monitor (monitor read/write/execute to a range of memory)
      • !syscall, !syscall2 (hook system-calls)
      • !sysret, !sysret2 (hook SYSRET instruction execution)
      • !mode (detect kernel-to-user and user-to-kernel transitions)
      • !cpuid (hook CPUID instruction execution)
      • !msrread (hook RDMSR instruction execution)
      • !msrwrite (hook WRMSR instruction execution)
      • !tsc (hook RDTSC/RDTSCP instruction execution)
      • !pmc (hook RDPMC instruction execution)
      • !vmcall (hook hypercalls)
      • !exception (hook first 32 entries of IDT)
      • !interrupt (hook external device interrupts)
      • !dr (hook access to debug registers)
      • !ioin (hook IN instruction execution)
      • !ioout (hook OUT instruction execution)
      • !hide (enable transparent-mode)
      • !unhide (disable transparent-mode)
      • !measure (measuring and providing details for transparent-mode)
      • !va2pa (convert a virtual address to physical address)
      • !pa2va (convert physical address to virtual address)
      • !dump (save the physical memory into a file)
      • !pcitree (show PCI/PCIe device tree)
      • !pcicam (dump the PCI/PCIe configuration space)
      • !idt (show Interrupt Descriptor Table entries)
      • !apic (dump local APIC entries in XAPIC and X2APIC modes)
      • !ioapic (dump I/O APIC)
    • Scripting Language
      • Assumptions & Evaluations
      • Variables & Assignments
      • Casting & Type-awareness
      • Conditionals & Loops
      • Constants & Functions
      • Debugger Script (DS)
      • Examples
        • view system state (registers, memory, variables)
        • change system state (registers, memory, variables)
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        • conditional breakpoints and events
        • patch the normal sequence of execution
        • access to a shared variable from different cores
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        • memory
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          • eb, ed, eq
          • eb_pa, ed_pa, eq_pa
          • memcpy
          • memcpy_pa
          • memcmp
          • virtual_to_physical
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        • diassembler
          • disassemble_len
          • disassemble_len32
        • spinlocks
          • spinlock_lock
          • spinlock_lock_custom_wait
          • spinlock_unlock
        • strings
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    • Commands Map
  • Tips & Tricks
    • Considerations
      • Basic concepts in Intel VT-x
      • VMX root-mode vs VMX non-root mode
      • The "unsafe" behavior
      • Script engine in VMX non-root mode
      • Difference between process and thread switching commands
      • Accessing Invalid Address
      • Transparent Mode
    • Nested-Virtualization Environments
      • Supported Virtual Machines
      • Run HyperDbg on VMware
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      • Supporting VMware/Hyper-V
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    • Misc
      • Event forwarding
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      • Instant events
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      • Customize build
        • Increase Communication Buffer Size
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        • Change Script Engine Limitations
      • Enable and disable events in Debugger Mode
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  • Contribution
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  • Design
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      • VMM (Module)
        • Control over NMIs
        • VMX root-mode compatible message tracing
        • Design of !epthook
        • Design of !epthook2
        • Design of !monitor
        • Design of !syscall & !sysret
        • Design of !exception & !interrupt
    • Debugger Internals
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  1. Commands
  2. Debugging Commands

eb, ed, eq (edit virtual memory)

Description of 'eb, ed, eq' commands in HyperDbg.

Command

eb : edit memory as Byte values

ed : edit memory as Double-word values (4 bytes)

eq : edit memory as Quad-word values (8 bytes)

Syntax

eb [Address (hex)] [Contents (hex)] [pid ProcessId (hex)]

ed [Address (hex)] [Contents (hex)] [pid ProcessId (hex)]

eq [Address (hex)] [Contents (hex)] [pid ProcessId (hex)]

Description

Edits the virtual address memory contents.

Parameters

[Address (hex)]

The virtual address of where we want to edit its memory.

[Contents (hex)]

The new contents in hex format (it could be an array).

[pid ProcessId (hex)] (optional)

The process ID in the hex format that we want to see the memory from its context (cr3).

If you don't specify the pid, then the default pid is the current process (HyperDbg) process layout of memory.

Examples

The following command is used when we want to edit the content of memory at nt!Kd_DEFAULT_Mask in a hex byte form and change it to 0xff 0xff 0xff 0xff(modify four bytes).

HyperDbg> eb nt!Kd_DEFAULT_Mask ff ff ff ff

The following command is used when we want to edit the content of memory at nt!Kd_DEFAULT_Mask+@rax+10 in a hex byte form and change it to 0xff 0xff 0xff 0xff(modify four bytes).

HyperDbg> eb nt!Kd_DEFAULT_Mask+@rax+10 ff ff ff ff

The following command is used when we want to edit the content of memory at fffff800`3ad6f010 in a hex byte form and change it to 0x90 0x90 0x90 (modify three bytes).

HyperDbg> eb fffff800`3ad6f010 90 90 90

The following example is used when we want to edit the contents of memory at fffff800`3ad6f010 in Double-word values (4 bytes), change it to 245C8948 .

HyperDbg> ed fffff800`3ad6f010 245C8948

The following example is used when we want to edit the contents of memory at fffff800`3ad6f010 in Quad-word values (8 bytes), change it to 88889898`85858686 and92929393`97979898 (16 bytes).

0: kHyperDbg> dq fffff800`3ad6f010 88889898`85858686 92929393`97979898

SDK

To write the memory in the target debuggee, you need to use the following function in libhyperdbg:

BOOLEAN
hyperdbg_u_write_memory(PVOID                     destination_address,
                        DEBUGGER_EDIT_MEMORY_TYPE memory_type,
                        UINT32                    process_id,
                        PVOID                     source_address,
                        UINT32                    number_of_bytes);

Remarks

  • You can change as many bytes as you need in byte, dword, and qword formats; just add new values to the end of the command.

This command is guaranteed to keep debuggee in a halt state (in Debugger Mode); thus, nothing will change during its execution.

Requirements

None

Related

Previousdb, dc, dd, dq (read virtual memory)Nextsb, sd, sq (search virtual memory)

Last updated 4 months ago

In the , the pid (parameter) is ignored. If you want to view another process memory, use the '' command to switch to another process memory layout.

If you change the memory address that you previously set a breakpoint using the '' command, the previous value is replaced when you remove the breakpoint.

Debugger Mode
.process
bp
!eb, !ed, !eq (edit physical memory)